Resistance to Antibiotics by Enteric Bacteria Associated with the Swine Industry: <i>in silico</i> Exploration of the Distribution of Resistance Genes

Abstract Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a significant contributor to the global antibiotic resistance crisis, which is predicted kill more people than cancer by 2050. Livestock production contributing factor as it has been one of fastest-growing industries in previous century but most harmful effects on environment and human health. The pig widely raised consumed food-producing animal globally, with an upward trend. derived residues meat products constitute important reservoir genes (ARGs) that can be transmitted humans through consumption, direct contact, environment, or poor handling, leading relevant zoonotic diseases, especially enteric ones. It essential know diversity, abundance, distribution ARGs have better control monitoring their dispersion. In present study, Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) five pathogenic species commonly microbiota both pigs were examined bioinformatic analysis. This analysis showed 157 distributed across 1869 genomes bacterial species, ranked from highest lowest diversity ARGs: Klebsiella pneumoniae , Escherichia coli Enterococcus faecium Salmonella enterica faecalis . study contributes management antibiotics, directly impact health animals.